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The article is based on the industrial structure upgrade of three Japanese companies investing in China. Recently, the Japanese pneumatic component research and development manufacturer SMC's factory in Beijing is introducing a batch of unfinished products transferred between machines. Robotic equipment; NSK's factory in Shanghai, which manufactures precision instruments and components such as industrial bearings, is also planning to introduce robotic equipment for transferring components between assembly lines; and Nabtesco, a Japanese company that produces hydraulic motors, is also considering installing one. An automated device for painting finished products. Previously, in the workshops of the three factories, they were all operated by human resources.
Katsushi Saito believes that there are several factors driving this automation process: first, China's labor costs are rising. Although the minimum wage set by the provinces has not been adjusted during the global financial crisis last year, it has been raised this year. The monthly minimum wage in Guangzhou is expected to increase by about 20%; Shanghai is 15%; and other regions are also between 10% and 20%. Many manufacturers can afford this increase in wages in the short term, as employee costs are only about 5% to 10% of sales. But as labor costs may continue to rise, it is now reasonable for manufacturers to start thinking about automation.
At the same time, despite the rising wages, many factories still face shortages of manpower. The development of the central and western regions advocated by the government has created more job requirements for the inland areas of China, and the number of migrant workers working in coastal areas has decreased, while most factories are located in coastal areas. This trend is also exacerbated by the increased cost of living for workers in coastal areas.
Second, economic growth itself is also driving the development of capital-intensive manufacturing. For example, the recent surge in automobile and electronic machinery production, in addition to the economic recovery, the government's stimulus measures are also an important factor. In 2009, China’s auto sales exceeded 13.6 million units, making China the world’s largest auto market. Supported by sales growth in the inland regions, where car ownership is still low, China's auto production will continue to grow after 2010. In the medium term, China's annual car production may reach 20 million, almost double the Japanese output. The high output and the resulting revenues make it possible for automakers to invest more in advanced equipment without too much profit reduction.
Finally, automakers actively promote automation to maintain quality is also a major reason for the increasing popularity of robots. Industrial robot manufacturer Yaskawa Electric uses robots to solder circuit boards at its Shanghai plant. Omron, which supplies components for a wide range of products, such as automobiles and electronic devices, has installed a sensor system in its Shanghai facility that notifies workers when it detects unqualified products on the production line. More and more welding robots are used in automobile assembly lines, making the quality of machine welding more reliable than conventional manual welding.
The popularity of robots has led to a boom in the automation equipment manufacturing market. The Japanese machine tool industry’s exports to China have recovered significantly from the worst financial crisis. It is understood that the orders placed by China's electronic components company have been stable. China's demand for such machines has exceeded Japan's domestic demand in December 2009 and currently accounts for about 30% of Japan's machine tool orders.
At the same time, the article also pointed out that China is not only a potential market, but also a competitor. In 2009, China's machine tool output exceeded Japan and Germany ranked first in the world. However, due to the low level of professionalism of Chinese companies, Chinese manufacturers are still unable to compete directly with non-Chinese companies in this area. Even the factories of Shenyang Machine Tool (Group) Co., Ltd., the largest machine tool manufacturer in China, still use a large number of CNC systems produced by automated machinery manufacturers Fanuc and Siemens to control the production process; The machine manufactured by THK of Japan is also used to control the linear guide of the input line, and the ball screw of Seiko is used.
Despite this, manufacturers in Japan and Europe are still market leaders in automated high-end products. Customers value the quality of high-end machine tools rather than the price. Machines in Japan and Europe are on average five times more accurate than Chinese products. In addition, these companies offer extensive technical support. The reputation built up for decades is also important. All of this is a high barrier for Chinese companies entering the market. From the level of automation in manufacturing, China is currently equivalent to Japan's level in the first half of the 1980s. As China's industry increasingly adopts advanced technology, China's demand for automation equipment will also increase. Therefore, Katsushi Saito pointed out that the challenge for foreign automation equipment manufacturers should be how to take advantage of this opportunity.
China's robot industry has the most potential
Recently, the Wall Street Journal published an article entitled Katsushi Saito, Head of Asian Industrial Research at Nomura Securities, entitled "Armed Chinese Dragons with Robots". Katsushi Saito believes that Chinese manufacturers are beginning to climb to the high point of the value chain, not just the finished products are changing, the factory workshops are changing as manufacturers replace more and more expensive labor with more advanced technology. .