China's shared cars will probably become another "shared" hotspot after "shared bicycles" in 2016. They will also achieve the same market effect, but sharing of bicycles and shared cars is a very different concept and actual operation.

No matter what size or type of vehicle is driven, the car leasing business subject to the objective conditions of the parking berth influence factors is difficult to meet the actual needs of users and to experience economies of scale. How to integrate car sharing, user needs, and timely service integration into one car network and fully utilize the advantages of information transmission, big data analysis, and integrated application systemization to make operational vehicles operate efficiently and try to leverage the large number of private individuals The car section has joined the car-making service of sharing interest with others and has promoted traditional car leasing as a shared car travel service. It should be a solution to urban road traffic congestion, tense parking berths, huge market demand, and difficulties in supply side management.

The author once published the article “The Driverless, Shared Car and Intelligent Transportation Information Network, an Overall that Cannot Be Ignored”, and made a conceptual description from the strategic planning level. Now, from the aspect of battle and tactics, the current issues that need to be considered by shared car travel service providers should be “introduced”, hoping to arouse the thinking of relevant people, so as to accelerate the realization of the ideals in Suizhong.

The major cities in China are being encumbered by the vigorous wave of shared bicycles. It seems that sharing cars will likely become another “shared” hot spot after the “shared bicycle” in 2016 and will achieve the same market effect. The sharing economy and society have not Far. However, shared bicycles and shared cars are very different, both conceptually and practically.

The difference between shared bicycles and shared cars

Shared bike

Objectively, the following conditions make China's unique shared-vehicle model possible to create and rapidly expand. The core elements of its market are:

1) In a short period of time, large-scale delivery and almost unlimited network points are everywhere to facilitate the search for vehicles and random parking;

2) No more complicated and prudent reviewers' background credit qualification audits and larger deposits;

3) The popularization of mobile phone information technology greatly facilitates lease and price economy;

4) The lack of road traffic and public transportation conditions in Chinese cities;

5) There are no driving licenses, drinking, one-way driving, parking berths, fuel or electricity, and complex conditions of vehicle conditions;

6) The simple physical technology structure and relatively low unit cost of shared bicycles are relatively suitable for the extensive use of large-scale procurement and demand side supply on the supply side;

7) weak regulatory awareness and imperfect legal environment;

8) The sharing of bicycles is a supplement to the needs of urban transport, and there is no challenge to the economy of existing modes of public transport and private car transportation;

9) The investment information of the project is not transparent enough and insufficient.

Therefore, the large number of audiences constituted by the above elements makes the scale of shared bicycles reach a sensational effect and economies of scale, although whether or not they are truly profitable has yet to be verified. This model is difficult to implement in different social environments, such as cities where civilized management and regulations are fully implemented. Our government has realized the problem and introduced new management regulations. Look forward to the effect of "don't drain the bath water with your child."

Sharing cars

The constraints of objective conditions are very different from the sharing of bicycles:

1) Challenges with the ideology of the audience with traditional privately-owned auto travel modes. After all, without breaking through the bottleneck that the sharing of autos has brought fast, convenient, economical, and safe benefits to the car's travel and the vested interests of existing private cars, whether it is subjective psychology or objective convenience Conditions of use, most people will not give up the purchase of private cars or private cars out for sharing with strangers in different times.

2) At this stage, the road congestion caused by the large number of existing private and social vehicles has caused local governments to impose very strict index restrictions on the number of newly added vehicles, both traditional fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles. It is difficult to achieve a economies of scale in newly-created shared cars. Shared car and travel operators have not been able to impress people in society to feel the number of vehicles that share travel time sharing, thereby inciting the aforementioned bottlenecks.

3) The conditions necessary to achieve economies of scale in the sharing of cars, such as huge capital investment, parking fees, and the search for parking spaces, are problems that private car owners have headaches but become the parking area and location of the investment operators and vehicle operations. The operational efficiency is not sufficient to cover the cost of operating the platform.

4) The risks and responsibilities of sharing cars are difficult to define the controls.

5) The renting audience group is limited by regulations and commercial objective conditions, such as valid driver's license, credit check, non-drinking, one-way driving, parking berth, fuel or electricity, and complex conditions of vehicle conditions;

6) In addition to the above, the taxicab network is also a challenge to the economic model of the car, whether it is the use of price, convenience and comfort.

The "Guidance on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small and Minibuses Leasing" issued by the government recently referred to the "qualified conditions" for vehicles. The emergence of time-share leasing is an innovation in the service mode, technology, and management of the traditional car rental industry, and improved. The user experience provides a new choice for city travel, which helps to reduce the individual's willingness to purchase cars, to a certain extent, ease the rapid growth of urban private car ownership and the occupation of roads and parking resources. The author believes that the desire is good and the direction is correct, but it seems that there are still problems when you think about it:

The first is that urban road congestion is closely related to the saturation of vehicle occupancy and the extremely scarcity of parking berths. If the number of shared vehicles is large, on the one hand, under the condition that the city's limited number of car purchase resources strictly controls the total number of vehicles to be reused, the number of small passenger car rental operators with an additional number of license plate numbers will increase, unless it is a non-profit-making society. Public service, otherwise there will be a lot of people who are struggling to wait in line to wait for a lottery, or in the market auction must use the hard-earned real gold and silver to pay high prices of public unfair? On the other hand, additional additional vehicles immediately add more pressure to the existing contradictions of road congestion, in-use car ownership, and parking berth tensions, aren't they? Even if you do not consider this issue, if you put a small amount, I am afraid that does not help.

If we are still in the direction of alleviating the rapid growth of the number of private car ownership in urban areas and the occupation of roads and parking resources, under the conditions that the city’s total car ownership is inconvenient, private cars will serve as public rental vehicles. Services are provided for profit, services are more widely used, and the intensity of use is usually higher than that of private cars. It is necessary to comply with relevant laws and regulations in terms of vehicle technical performance, safety inspection, insurance tax, etc., in order to better protect the safety and legal rights of users' lives and property. . Therefore, if the nature of the vehicle of a private car is registered as "lease" and complies with relevant local regulations, it may also be engaged in a time-sharing leasing business.

However, in reality, the purpose of the purchase of most private car owners is to ensure that they are comfortable and comfortable by car. It is difficult to imagine that Mercedes-Benz and BMW car owners will share their private cars with them. Moreover, at the present stage, China's special social culture holds the concept of private cars, such as "no wife and car will not borrow", and there will be considerable resistance to sharing and sharing private cars. In theory, taxis can travel to most destinations requested by passengers, but why there is still a market for shared cars to survive? So are willing to take private cars to share the owners, the purpose of the car is to protect their travel by car, or to rent for profit? If it is the latter, is it not a challenge to the existing taxi network industry?

In addition, the so-called car-sharing investment operation itself, even if promoted by the concept of time sharing, is still car rental, whether it is supplemented by the existing taxi business or the evolution of the perfect model for future car travel. Therefore, China’s auto sharing investment operators should, under the premise of clarifying the nature of the business, enhance the business opportunity concept of innovative business, that is, operators who share auto travel services:

Under the condition that the total amount of automobile ownership in the city is difficult to change, try to maximize the efficiency of the use of vehicles in use;

Under the condition of satisfying customer requirements as much as possible, the input-output ratio is maximized.

The current seemingly difficult situation:

The mileage of new energy vehicles is generally 160-200 kilometers. Finding local charging is a difficult problem.

Parking is difficult to limit the scale of the number, on the one hand, the car can not park like a bicycle anytime, anywhere, on the other hand, urban parking lot in urban areas is difficult to meet the customer's convenience to find a car, convenient parking and return the basic requirements;

Without economies of scale, the market's leasing price and convenience will be less attractive to the user's good experience, and the advantages of shared car travel services under the car networking technology conditions will be difficult to exert.

Solutions to explore:

The initial stage of the sprouting of new things is the most difficult. To achieve a time-saving sharing of travel operators with economies of scale, the biggest challenges faced by first-tier and second-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, which have the most spending power, are not only huge capital investment, but also larger ones. It should be a vehicle quota limit. Because promoting the use of private cars as a time-divisional rental vehicle, even if it is a "meeting vehicle," there will still be many problems, such as the use of personal vehicles shared by timeshares, the risks assumed, and whether they are profitable. However, this idea that does not change the total number of vehicles in use in the city may be used for reference. That is, time-sharing shared travel operators can guarantee passengers' convenience and ease of use and not reduce the use of shared vehicles. Under the preconditions of driving control level, etc., the in-use vehicle indexes and even parking berths are acquired. Of course, the details of how to implement the specific operations need to be shared by the travel operators in time. However, at least this idea may revitalize a large number of in-use vehicles and reduce parking berths.

From another perspective, if Beijing’s existing five million passenger cars in use are all similarly operated taxis and are readily available on call, do we really need so many cars? The answer to the question is definitely not needed. How much is it appropriate, four million, three million, or two million? This change in actual quantity will, in a positive sense, improve the efficiency of the use of vehicles, reduce the area occupied by urban parking berths, or improve road traffic conditions by reducing parking space?

Or take Beijing as an example. In 2016, the population of the city was 21.705 million, and the number of taxis was 66,648, about 30.71 vehicles per 10,000 people. Based on this, combined with the current environmental status of urban private cars and social vehicles, public transportation, and taxis, the author believes that if the number of shared vehicles for travel services reaches or approaches the scale of taxis, preliminary Leverage effect, the impact of its influence can help reduce the individual's willingness to buy cars, ease the city's private car ownership on the urban road congestion and parking resources.

“The fire of the stars can pave the way” and once it is produced, the efficient operation of only two or three million vehicles will be able to satisfy the actual needs of Beijing's traffic by car. Isn't it easy for everyone to imagine how life and work will be improved? The author believes that at least it can get rid of the current inconvenience caused by congestion, resulting in a huge demand for car and urban parking berths, making the road micro-cyclical chaos even more road congestion, making the government had to strictly limit the contradictions and evils of the total number of new motor vehicles. Of course, the service quality of its service must be at least the same as the convenience of getting on and getting off without considering the parking berth, as is the case with taxis and nets.

Summarizing the problems, challenges, and solutions that automotive sharing travel services face, the author suggests that shared vehicle investment and operators should consider at least the following levels:

1, business operation level:

1.1. In order to overcome the current situation of huge input resources, large markets, and small scales, the principle of “knowing oneself well and knowing oneself and fighting each other” should be the principle. The road map, phased work goals, division of labor scope, and responsibilities should be drawn up to cooperate in the way of group warming and division of labor. Make the cake bigger first.

1.2. Identify and amplify the comparative advantage with the traditional taxi industry and fully demonstrate the social benefits of shared car travel services so as to reach the scale as soon as possible to form breakthrough or near-bottleneck conditions. In addition to the above solutions, the scope and content of information data services should be enhanced and expanded, that is, the concept of upgrading from car rental services to travel by car.

1.3. Define and improve the technical conditions for sharing vehicles and their operations based on the concept of how to provide and satisfy travel services.

1.4. The demand for service for shared cars is often due to the difficulty of parking berths, or the fact that the public transportation system has not yet fully covered the area. This is similar to the fact that shared bicycles can easily find vehicles through unlimited number of outlets and can be parked almost unrestrainedly, thus attracting a large audience. group. Therefore, if a shared car travel service provider can establish a “car-to-car service” system like “drinking and driving,” its mobile phone app will need to arrive at a certain place at a certain time by sharing a car travel provider information network to obtain a shared car. Pickup application information, need to drive the vehicle to the next customer location or the berth of the APP instruction to charge and stand by. In this way, it is possible to overcome the inconvenience of the user's destination parking and to create a user-required condition as if the shared bicycle satisfies the convenience of taking and stopping, which is beneficial to the expected use experience of the user. In this way, the problem of operating efficiency of the site or fixed berth type and the low efficiency of sharing the car is also solved, namely the B2C mode.

1.5. Market Strategy

Make the best decisions. The technical conditions for wireless information and telematics have already had the ability to integrate travel services for shared cars. We must make full use of the advantages of the information network system to allow travel service vehicles to run as far as possible. This will not only increase the efficiency of vehicle operations, but also eliminate the shackles of berths and form a relative The scale distribution effect.

China policy cuts. The cities with the most spending power are often cities where the demand for cars is huge but the traffic congestion is caused by the huge amount of cars. How to incite a large number of private car plates, alliance and conspiracy to "one for everyone, everyone for one" win-win results-oriented business opportunities and operations.

Declined expedition. A large amount of investment has been made to make the shared car travel service form economies of scale and social benefits.

Digression: The author went to Germany on a business trip in the 1990s and was amazed by the use of beige taxi Mercedes cars as taxis. At that time, most of the taxis on the streets of Beijing were called "yellow bugs" or Xiali cars. When many bus drivers chat with each taxi driver, the answers are summarized as follows: Germans generally own private cars, and the number of taxi rides per year is extremely limited. Since occasional taxi rides, why not get a more luxurious experience than driving a private car. The market customer demand side is such a conditional requirement. The service provider's situation is that Mercedes-Benz cars are high-end cars, reliable and durable, with almost no overhaul in 400,000 kilometers. Such a model is able to meet the needs of customers, but also to meet the investment every investment every day to make money, not because the vehicle failure repair and investment can not be lost. Cars running from 100,000 to 200,000 kilometers are sold on used cars. They can not only sell good prices, but also buy new ones. They always use the best conditions for cleanliness, comfort and conditions to win market sustainability. What good market virtuous circle!

2. Technical requirements:

Integrate existing distributed data information applications into systemized information management, and give full play to the advantages of car networking information big data technology.

2.1. Sharing a car travel service provider

It should also be necessary to get rid of the business model and impact of the fixed and berthed sites at the traditional car rental sites. Its core philosophy is "mobile taxi without a driver." Prior to the realization of the ideal driverless driving, based on the already popular mobile phone APP and internet information big data analysis, in addition to vehicle GPS position location and real-time information of road conditions, the user's car destination location information is predicted and charged The distribution of network locations, the monitoring of shared vehicle work status, and the data collection of service personnel are included in the vehicle network information service analysis system.

2.2. Sharing Automotive Technology Conditions

In addition to satisfying the requirements of the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting Healthy Development of Small and Micro-Bus Rentals", shared cars should be installed:

· Telematics. The device can be connected with the remote monitoring technology of the information network of the shared car travel service provider, realize the positioning of each vehicle satellite, share the OBD diagnostic information of the vehicle operating conditions, cruising range, where it can be charged or repaired, and the nearest "Car-receiver" can deploy to move the vehicle, the next nearest customer location, the lessee's use of the vehicle and other information through the network big data analysis to strengthen the overall supervision of the rental vehicle and the deployment of control and control, to achieve "car to find people" Selling business opportunities and improving vehicle use efficiency.

· On-board diagnostic system (OBD). Commercial vehicles that are put into commercial use should have automatic detection of vehicle electrical energy reserves, lights and indications, tire pressure, brakes, and other information. They can wirelessly transmit these basic data information through on-board telematics devices, enabling shared car travel services. The business can monitor and do maintenance or maintenance in advance or in time to ensure that the vehicle is always in a normal state with service capabilities.

Car HD video recorder and optional car black box. It can truly restore the vehicle usage and accident conditions. Once a vehicle is polluted by bad sanitation, damaged facilities, illegal activities or accidents, the responsible person can be found from the recorded information and corresponding time; it can even be made possible through the vehicle telematics system. The shared car travel service provider monitored in real time or was informed at the first time, and provided technical support for the sharing of car travel service risk management and responsibilities defined control.

The on-vehicle HD camera recorder should have two or more camera functions that can capture both inside and outside the vehicle. The internal shooting of the vehicle aims to use the true record of the shared car for the lessee in order to prevent the damage and uncivilized behavior of the car from tracking. However, due to the personal privacy of the tenant, whether it is convenient to Transfer the photographs of the previous car users requires the careful study of legal experts and shared car travel service providers.

Accident analysis: Through the recording of the vehicle information such as acceleration, speed, brake, left/right steering and other data recorded before the accident stored by the UDS and combining the on-board camera screen, it is possible to truly reproduce and objectively analyze the vehicle before the collision or scraping contact. Cause of the accident.

The integration of driverless shared cars (electric or future new energy vehicles is an ideal model) and the intelligent traffic information network are ideal goals for sharing the technical aspects of car travel services. It will greatly enhance and achieve economical and efficient management of passengers traveling by bus, firm customer stickiness, current automobile production, sales and service models, driving energy and supply models, infrastructure conditions, road traffic rules, and social life. And the people’s thinking and civilization will bring about significant positive impacts, and even create disruptive changes with current methods and conditions, right?

3, regulations and policy support

The "Guidance Opinion on Promoting the Healthy Development of Small and Micro-Bus Leasing" issued by the government in recent days is a good start for sharing the auto travel service industry with government policy support. However, this "Guidance Opinion" should be a preliminary direction and an outline of the industry policy. The following details need to be refined and improved:

The above-mentioned question of whether or not the additional volume will be kept as constant as possible when the total number of vehicles in use in the city remains as constant as possible.

How can a private car be incorporated into a shared car rental business?

If private cars are included in the leasing industry, the property rights of vehicles are different from the property rights of lump-sum minibuses. Therefore, the control of business risks and responsibilities defined involves new technical conditions for sharing cars, information network operations, and regulatory issues. Formulate and improve implementation. The latter is similar to the existing city taxi operation. The existing regulations and policies outside the "Guidance Opinion" can also be applied.

Private cars are used to share car rentals, and usage will make the life of vehicles far shorter. However, in the urban restricted environment, if the license plate index cannot be automatically transferred for the continuation of the purchase of a new car, the experience brought by the shared car travel service cannot break through the comprehensive balance of traditional private cars and affect the environment. The result will be to encourage the use of private cars. Sharing cars has a negative effect.

Whether the technical conditions mentioned in the preceding paragraph 2.2 can or should be included in the corresponding regulations and policies.

Network Information Big Data Usage Management and Information Security

The legal and policy system should at least cover the scope of the leaseholder's credit, civilized use, the conditions necessary for the rental of vehicles, the adoption of vehicle installation technology and equipment record data, the online and offline operating service capabilities required by the travel service provider, and the network Information management, third-party monitoring and identification of scope and responsibilities.

4, social publicity

Although the environmental benefits are prominent, the reduction of road occupancy, the saving of parking resources, and the reduction of travel costs are all advantages of sharing different modes of travel. After all, shared cars and shared bicycles are completely different in concept and actual operation. Regulations, policies, technologies, and service concepts are all available, and publicity has to keep up. It is necessary to let investment operators and consumers in general know how to use leases, how to divide responsibilities, and how vehicle accidents are defined and responsible. It should also be understood that it is precisely because of the increasingly high and inconvenient cost of urban road traffic jams and private cars. The shared car travel service model is not only a solution to the problem of "crowd firewood and high flames" but also a huge market demand, and once it achieves breakthrough success, its business opportunities will not only be sustainable, but also will drive the future of urban traffic. The travel mode has brought about disruptive changes and a greater market. This is not only the responsibility of the consumer, but also the responsibility of the industry itself.

The traditional model is that most people, including China, want to own their own cars. If one day people on road traffic find that shared car travel services can be easily on call, the road can no longer be swift due to unfamiliar routes, get off at the destination and get out of the car without spending time parking, in life. There is no need to buy a car, repair and maintenance, regular inspections, and insurance claims for accidental vehicle accidents on the road for easy travel. When you invest money and time, it is not important for people to own a car. Only when the aforementioned time-shared sharing of benefits and comparative advantages in the form of industry and private cars breaks through the bottleneck, does Tianping share the tilt of the travel economy with time sharing, and the inclination will grow bigger and faster, until we have no one in our ideal? Driving sharing cars, car networking and intelligent traffic information network systems have become the main forms of travel in society.

Therefore, I believe that we should let everyone understand the core of the problem and find feasible solutions. Only after a gradual breakthrough can we achieve further development. Right?