How to improve the quality of flotation gold concentrate

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The low grade of flotation gold concentrates not only causes the loss of resources, but also seriously affects the sales price. It is too low to sell, and “inventory” will stop the flow and turnover of funds. In the past 10 years, the author has been engaged in flotation process technology. Regardless of internal production practice, external resource development, mining enterprise acquisition and integration, regardless of training exchanges, or accepting consultations and results declarations, the gold concentrate grades are involved to varying degrees. The selected grade of the main ore body gold of a mining enterprise is 1.62 g/ton, and the gold concentrate grade obtained after flotation is 10.79 g/ton, which cannot be directly sold. Therefore, with the gold concentrate grade as the title, the analysis, research and even improvement of the right medicines are related to the resource utilization of gold mining enterprises, the level of mineral processing technology and the management and management benefits.

Mineral composition and degree of ore oxidization

When the gold grade in the ore is low and the surrounding rock of the mining is mixed, strengthening the hand-selected waste rock, or proportionating the higher grade ore, can increase the selected grade. A gold mining enterprise opponent selected a waste stone to reward 50 yuan for 1 ton and strictly checked and closed, so that the selected grade of 1.4 g / ton increased by 0.2 g / ton. And according to 1:3 with 6-7 grams / ton of minerals, the altered rock and quartz veins are mixed and selected, the gold concentrate grade increased from 10 g / ton to 60 g / ton.

In some ores, the size distribution of gold minerals is uneven, and the stage grinding process should be adopted;

When the dissociation degree of the target mineral monomer is insufficient, it can be solved by increasing the grinding fineness or adding a concentrate regrind operation;

When a large amount of over-pulverized material is produced in the grinding operation to reduce the grade of the concentrate, it can be solved by increasing the processing capacity of the ball mill and the amount of sand returned by the classifier, and reducing the size of the mill ball. When the problem is serious, the ball mill specification is required to pass the test. For the technical modification of the content, in particular the preferred length of the barrel of the ball mill;

The similarity of floatability of various minerals can also lead to the high content of concentrates and affect the quality of concentrates. Effective inhibitors can be used to inhibit one mineral, another mineral can be floated, and minerals can be floated. differences, changes flowsheet reduce mutual containing mineral, the priority or the like may float flotation process, first, using two kinds of mineral collector weak, good selectivity collector or carried to starvation of formula The principle of weak harvesting of medicines minimizes the floating of unwanted minerals in order to improve the quality of the concentrate of the first mineral.

The flotation of gold-bearing polymetallic ore is mainly gold, accompanied by silver , lead and zinc , or a reasonable and effective pharmaceutical system, or a reasonable process, or adding intermediate sorting operations to recover coarse gold monomer, and reselection apparatus (short cone cyclone, shaking, etc.) from the flotation concentrate by mixing gold monomer was recovered, and the recovery of gold preselected, the recovery of gold from the flotation tailings and recovering the gold ore to pyrite Go in. A mining enterprise contains silver-lead low-grade gold ore. Through small experiments, the collector sulphur-nitrogen nitrogen and the unit consumption of 69.82 g/ton are optimized. The process has not changed, and the metal single-selection is changed. Although the original ore is refined. The gold grades are 1.0 g/ton and 8.8 g/ton respectively. The gold concentrate is blended with 30-50 grams of milled ore per ton and can still be sold to the smelter.

If the ore is severely oxidized, it can be pre-dewatered by high-pressure water gun, low-pressure spiral classifier or hydrocyclone before flotation. If necessary, add washing process, add a small amount of foaming agent to remove easy floating mud, when mud When the metal is contained, it needs to be floated separately or sent to water and metallurgy. Such ore flotation is preferable to use a dilute slurry, sludge dispersant is added as sodium silicate, sodium hexametaphosphate, phosphorus, such as caustic soda and soda, sodium silicate may be generated in the hydrophilic film mineral table, reduce sludge flocculation The cover reduces the adsorption of the collector. Sodium hexametaphosphate forms a complex with calcium, magnesium and polyvalent metal ions, thereby inhibiting minerals containing these ions. Soda and caustic soda can inhibit calcium ions and activation is inhibited by lime. The pyrite. It can also be added in batches and in batches. Under the premise of passing the local environmental assessment, the whole mud cyanidation-carbon slurry process technology with high recovery rate and real estate gold is recommended.

Process equipment and pharmaceutical operations

The floating gold process is relatively simple. With the selection of lower grades and the complexity of ore properties, the flotation process should also be diversified. Priority enrichment operations, as well as branch flotation processes suitable for low-grade flotation have been successfully applied and widely used. They are selected as branches of the slurry stream, and one of the enriched products is fed to another flotation operation, which can be improved. The grade of one of the selected grades is increased by the concentration of the concentrate than the gold concentrate. For example, in a gold ore plant with an enrichment ratio of 6-7, the gold concentrate grade will increase from 9-10 g/ton when the original gold grade is increased from 1.5 g/ton to 2.5 g/ton through the branch flotation process. To 15-18 g / ton, this change is very significant. The new flotation equipment should be combined in size and size, especially for the new flotation machine suitable for coarse flotation. It can replace the mercury in the coarse grinding machine and the classifier to recover the coarse gold and overcome the mercury pollution. The problem of unstable re-election and large loss of long-term gold in the medium-mineral process. The recovery of fine-grained minerals and fine-grained gold by a modified new flotation column is also achieved.

Improper use of mineral processing agents can also result in low concentrate grades. Or the amount of pine oil is too large, the foam is sticky, forming mechanically mixed gangue, or the selectivity of the collector is poor or even expired, the amount is insufficient, and the medium adjuster is improperly selected or used, and should be adjusted correspondingly. Sometimes adjusting the pH of the slurry will also produce unexpected results. Alkaline pulp pH adjuster formed by lime and water accelerates the dissociation of xanthate to produce more xanthate anions, covering the surface of useful ingredients, allowing them to float upwards while inhibiting pyrite and surface The micro-oxidized galena is partially hydrophilic and enters the tailings. As a conditioning agent, lime milk also eliminates the effects of harmful ions and disperses agglomerated slime. Under the same ore grade, a gold mining enterprise will increase the pH value of the pulp from neutral 7 to alkaline 8-8.5 by the addition of 1.5-2.0 kg of lime per ton, which will change the small amount of gold. The grade of minerals increased from 20 grams per ton to 50 grams per ton, and the monthly output increased by 1.26 kilograms. The reduction of concentrate transportation volume was 72,000 yuan, and the monthly price increase was 156,000 yuan, which created considerable economic benefits. The flotation of sulfur from tailings in a polymetallic mine in Gansu has always had little effect. When the pH of the slurry is reduced from neutral 7 to 3 with 5% sulfuric acid after dilution, the effect is very significant.

The selection of gold prescriptions is relatively simple, and some can no longer meet the needs of complex ore. The good effect of the mixed drug is related to the non-uniformity of the mineral surface and the interaction between various chemicals, which can increase the coverage density of the collector on the mineral surface, and make the interaction between the various collectors co-adsorb, thereby improving the floating. Select the effect and increase the flotation index. Further flotation process to be added to inhibit certain sodium silicate gangue minerals, sodium hexametaphosphate agents, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like, a large amount of gangue minerals and easy to float sludge, non-metallic mineral sericite And the dolomite is very buoyant, and strong technical measures must be taken. In operation, the concentrate has a large mass fraction, and the coarse concentrate has a large output. The concentrate has a large amount of scraping, the yield is large, and the concentration is too large, which will cause the concentrate grade to drop. Excessive inflation, increased foam, uneven slurry in the tank, affecting the quality of concentrate. If the selected bath level is too low or too high, the foam layer is too thick or too thin, which will also affect the concentrate grade. All should take corresponding measures to overcome.

Each gold mining enterprise must flexibly apply the above technical measures in combination with their respective ore properties, ore selectivity test and production practice experience, and do not copy it as otherwise, otherwise it will be counterproductive. Only in this way can the grade of the flotation gold concentrate be different or even greatly improved, so that the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources can be effectively recovered, the technical level of the flotation process can be improved, and significant operational benefits can be created.

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