1 Environmentally friendly mining technology

The environmentally-friendly mining technology utilizes the characteristics of coal mining technology to exploit coal mining technology that meets environmental protection requirements.

(1) Coal seam allocation Most of China's coal mines are multi-coal mining, and the coal quality of each coal seam is different. When determining the mining method and mining sequence of coal seams, the single coal seam mining is changed, and the coal seams are rationally coordinated and matched as much as possible. Reduce the content of coal ash and harmful gases in mines. Make the sulfide content lower than the national standard. Coal seam mining can reduce the surface subsidence intensity.

(2) Meteorite filling and reforming roadway layout Using ancient stone filling technology, the meteorite does not exit the well, and the coal gangue is used for filling the roadway and filling the goaf, that is, the roadway is opened less, the roadway support strength is increased, and the meteorite is transported to the ground. After the pollution caused by the environment. Change ideas and concepts, strengthen the reform of roadway layout, open coal roadways as much as possible, and dig less roadway.

(3) Coalbed methane mining Most coal mines in China contain a large amount of gas, and a considerable part of the mines are gas-exposed mines. Actively conduct research on coalbed methane mining technology, improve gas drainage effects, and provide clean energy for the society, that is, ensure coal mines. The safe production has increased the economic benefits of the mining area.

(4) Promotion of room-column and strip-type mining In the shallow coal seam of the mine, the room-column and strip-type coal mining method is adopted, and the intermittent mining and coal-type mining of other coal seams can effectively prevent surface subsidence.

(5) Modify coal technology policies and norms, change ideas, limit the mining intensity of coal seams that cause serious pollution to the environment, and limit the exploitation of shallow surface coal seams, and then mine after the technology is mature. Actively carry out research on underground coal gasification, liquefaction and bio-type mining technology, and fundamentally eliminate pollution of the environment caused by coal utilization.

(6) The mine is used as a treatment plant for domestic garbage. After simple treatment of domestic garbage on the ground, a certain strength of solidified material is formed, which is used as filling material for underground roadway and goaf, which solves the treatment of ground garbage. The problem also provides a new type of filling material for the mine.

(7) Strengthen the management of small coal mines and increase the pressure of shutting down the coal mines. The pollution and damage to the natural environment caused by the production of small coal mines is much more serious than that of the coal mines. Frequent safety accidents have caused great harm to the country and society. The state should continue to rectify the production order of small coal mines and meet the conditions for safe production. Wells that do not harm the environment can continue to exist. Mines that do not meet the conditions for safe production and cause serious damage to the environment must be resolutely banned.

2 Environmentally friendly coal processing and utilization technology

(1) New coal preparation technology, the traditional coal preparation technology is mainly to select vermiculite and clean coal. However, there are fewer harmful chemical components such as sulfides, and a new process for treating harmful gases is added during the coal preparation process. A certain amount of additives is added to reduce the components of harmful substances in the clean coal, and the gases discharged after the coal is burned. Meet national emission standards. Adding dust-reducing and desulfurizing additives to the production of coal briquettes to produce environmentally-friendly briquette. Carry out research on bio-type coal to thoroughly control the pollution caused by coal combustion to the natural environment.

(2) To prevent direct burning of raw coal, the state and localities should proceed from the actual situation, formulate certain guidelines and policies, promote the use of briquette and coal blending technology, and reduce the pollution caused by coal combustion to the atmosphere.

(3) Utilizing advanced coal deep processing technology, the current coal water slurry technology has passed industrial tests. The state should attach importance to and promote the promotion of coal water slurry technology, and reduce the pollution caused by large enterprises directly using raw coal. Actively carry out experimental research on coal-to-oil, that is, to alleviate the shortage of oil , and strengthen environmental protection work.

(4) Fly ash treatment technology, the fly ash after combustion in the thermal power plant is added with a certain amount of calcite and other chemical components, so that the burned fly ash is directly used as cement aggregate or applied to other industries to make fly ash Get comprehensive utilization.

(5) Make full use of the mine water resources. After the simple discharge treatment, the mine water discharged from the coal mine can be used to water the farmland, which can alleviate the drought situation in northern China. The deep treatment of mine water can fully meet the production and domestic water standards.

(6) Coal gangue treatment technology, coal gangue can be used to make bricks and produce colored ceramics, and can also be used as cement raw materials. Coal gangue that is overheated is a good material for the roadbed.

(7) Coal slurry treatment technology, the coal slurry water of the coal preparation plant should realize closed circuit circulation, and the slime can be used to make fertilizer, coal water slurry and briquette. After the slime is dehydrated, a certain amount of additives can be directly used for boiler combustion.

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